Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia Promotes Recovery from Ischemic Organ Injury by Modulating the Phenotype of Macrophages
Wednesday, February 16th, 2022
Viviane Gnemmi, Qiubo Li, Qiuyue Ma, Letizia De Chiara, Giulia Carangelo, Chenyu Li, Mireia Molina-Van den Bosch, Paola Romagnani, Hans-Joachim Anders and Stefanie Steiger,”Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia
Salt loading with unilateral nephrectomy accelerates decline in glomerular filtration rate in the hypertensive, obese, type 2 diabetic SDT fatty rat model of diabetic kidney disease
Thursday, February 3rd, 2022
Yuichi Shinozaki, Yuko Katayama, Fuminari Yamaguchi, Tomohisa Suzuki, Kana Watanabe, Kinuko Uno, Takahiro Tsutsui, Miki Sugimoto, Masami Shinohara, Katsuhiro Miyajima, Takeshi Ohta, “Salt loading with
Mechanochemical prepared ibuprofen-Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide drug delivery system for enhanced bioactivity with reduced renal injury induced by NSAIDs
Tuesday, January 25th, 2022
Wenhao Xu, Jinli Yang, Xiangyang Gu, Wenjing Su, Faxiang Pu, Zhangfu Xie, Kongliang Jin, Weike Su & Lichan Mao,”Mechanochemical prepared ibuprofen-Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide drug delivery
Treatment With Lisinopril Prevents the Early Progression of Glomerular Injury in Obese Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats Independent of Lowering Arterial Pressure
Tuesday, December 28th, 2021
Andrea K. Brown, Alyssa Nichols, Chantell A. Coley, Ubong S. Ekperikpe, Kasi C. McPherson, Corbin A. Shields, Bibek Poudel, Denise C. Cornelius, Jan M. Williams,
Empagliflozin Reduces Renal Hyperfiltration in Response to Uninephrectomy, but Is Not Nephroprotective in UNx/DOCA/Salt Mouse Models
Tuesday, December 28th, 2021
Philipp Tauber, Frederick Sinha, Raffaela S. Berger, Wolfram Gronwald, Katja Dettmer, Michaela Kuhn, Maximilian Trum, Lars S. Maier, Stefan Wagner, Frank Schwed, “Empagliflozin Reduces Renal
Dichotomous responses to chronic fetal hypoxia lead to a predetermined aging phenotype
Tuesday, December 28th, 2021
Stefan Rudloff, Andrea Bileck, Lukas Janker, Nicola Wanner, Nastassia Liaukouskaya, Carsten Lundby, Tobias B. Huber, Christopher Gerner, Uyen Huynh-Do, “Dichotomous responses to chronic fetal hypoxia
Activation of the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Pathway Inhibits Epithelial Sodium Channel–Mediated Sodium Transport in Collecting Duct Principal Cells
Wednesday, December 8th, 2021
Eva Dizin, Valérie Olivier, Isabelle Roth, Ali Sassi, Grégoire Arnoux, Suresh Ramakrishnan, Sandrine Morel, Brenda R. Kwak, Johannes Loffing, Edith Hummler, Roland H. Wenger, Ian
A new view of macula densa cell protein synthesis
Wednesday, December 8th, 2021
Urvi Nikhil Shroff, Georgina Gyarmati, Audrey Izuhara, Sachin Deepak, and János Peti-Peterdi, “A new view of macula densa cell protein synthesis”, American Journal of Physiology,
Kidney vascular congestion exacerbates acute kidney injury in mice.
Wednesday, December 8th, 2021
Takashi Kitani, Kengo Kidokoro, Tomohiro Nakata, Yuhei Kirita, Itaru Nakamura, Kunihiro Nakai, Aya Yagi-Tomita, Tomoharu Ida, Noriko Uehara-Watanabe, Kisho Ikeda, Noriyuki Yamashita, Benjamin D. Humphreys,
Novel Keap1-Nrf2 Protein-protein interaction inhibitor UBE-1099 Ameliorates Progressive Phenotype in Alport Syndrome mouse model
Wednesday, December 8th, 2021
Shota Kaseda, Yuya Sannomiya, Jun Horizono, Jun Kuwazuru, Mary Ann Suico, Sayaka Ogi, Ryoko Sasaki, Hidetoshi Sunamoto, Hirohiko Fukiya, Hayato Nishiyama, Misato Kamura, Saki Niinou,
Relaxin attenuates organ fibrosis via an angiotensin-type 2 receptor mechanism in aged hypertensive female rats
Tuesday, November 30th, 2021
Giannie Barsha, Sarah Walton, Edmund Kwok, Katrina Mirabito Colafella, Anita Pinar, Lucinda Hilliard Krause, Tracey Gaspari, Robert Widdop, Chrishan Samuel and Kate Denton, “Relaxin attenuates
Expanded renal lymphatics improve recovery following kidney injury
Tuesday, November 30th, 2021
Gaurav Baranwal, Heidi A. Creed, Laurence M. Black, Alexa Auger, Alexander M. Quach, Rahul Vegiraju, Han E. Eckenrode, Anupam Agarwal, Joseph M. Rutkowski, “Expanded renal
Crescents Derive from Single Podocyte Progenitors and a Drug Enhancing Their Differentiation Attenuates Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis
Wednesday, November 17th, 2021
Maria Elena Melica, Giulia Antonelli, Maria Lucia Angelotti, Gianmarco Lugli, Carolina Conte, Letizia De Chiara, Fiammetta Ravaglia, Anna J. Peired, Benedetta Mazzinghi, Elena Lazzeri, Roberto
Paraoxonase-3 Regulation of Cardiotonic Steroids Mediates Renal Injury and Dysfunction in a Dahl Salt Sensitive Model of Chronic Kidney Disease
Tuesday, November 16th, 2021
Chrysan J Mohammed, Sabitri Lamichhane, Prabhatchandra Dube, Sophia Soehnlen, Jacob Connolly, Andrew Kleinhenz, Dhilhani Faleel, Dragan Isailovic, Deepak Malhotra, Steven Haller, David J Kennedy, “Paraoxonase-3
Probiotics Supplementation Protects the Transition from AKI to CKD in Aged Mice via the Kidney-Gut Axis
Tuesday, November 16th, 2021
Myung-Gyu Kim, Yina Fang, Ko Yoon Sook, Lee Hee Young, Jihyun Yang, Sewon Oh, Sang-Kyung Jo, Won-Yong Cho, “Probiotics Supplementation Protects the Transition from AKI
The Brain-Gut-Kidney Axis in the Development of Cognitive Dysfunction Following AKI
Tuesday, November 16th, 2021
Young Eun Choi, Jihyun Yang, Ko Yoon Sook, Lee Hee Young, Yina Fang, Sewon Oh, Myung-Gyu Kim, Won-Yong Cho, Sang-Kyung Jo, “The Brain-Gut-Kidney Axis in
Role of Collagen Receptors in Radiation-Induced Nephrotoxicity
Tuesday, November 16th, 2021
Anis Ahmad, Jumana Afaghani, Junwei Shi, Saba Ansari, Jin Ju Kim, Yan Shi, Sandra M. Merscher, Alan Pollack, Youssef Zeidan, Alessia Fornoni, Brian Marples, “Role
Time-Restricted Feeding Ameliorates Fibrosis by Restoring Disrupted Peripheral Clock in Adenine-Induced CKD Model
Tuesday, November 16th, 2021
Yina Fang, Sewon Oh, Jihyun Yang, Ko Yoon Sook, Hee Young Lee, Sang-Kyung Jo, Won-Yong Cho, Myung-Gyu Kim, “Time-Restricted Feeding Ameliorates Fibrosis by Restoring Disrupted
Novel Keap-Nrf2 Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitor UBE-1099 Ameliorates the Severity of Experimental Alport Syndrome
Tuesday, November 16th, 2021
Shota Kaseda, Mary Ann Suico, Sayaka Ogi, Hidetoshi Sunamoto,Hirohiko Fukiya, Futoshi Nara, Tsuyoshi Shuto, Kazuhiro Onuma, Hirofumi Kai, “Novel Keap-Nrf2 Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitor UBE-1099 Ameliorates
Pharmacological Validation of HDAC8 as a Therapeutic Target for AKI
Tuesday, November 16th, 2021
Donna M. Huryn, Keith E. Long, Michael D. McDaniels, Rachel Delgado, Zoe Vaughn,Prema C. Iyer, Veronika Sander, Alan J. Davidson, Mark P. de Caestecker, Neil
UBE-1099, a Novel Non-Covalent Keap1-Nrf2 Inhibitor, Protects Against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Nrf2 Activation
Tuesday, November 16th, 2021
Sayaka Ogi, Hidetoshi Sunamoto, Hirohiko Fukiya, Futoshi Nara, Kazuhiro Onuma, “UBE-1099, a Novel Non-Covalent Keap1-Nrf2 Inhibitor, Protects Against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Nrf2 Activation”, Am.
The Nonsteroidal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist Finerenone Improves Left Ventricular Function in Preclinical Diabetic CKD
Tuesday, November 16th, 2021
Ixchel Q. Lima Posada, Yohan Stephan, Matthieu Soulié, Benjamin Bonnard, Roberto Palacios Ramirez, Lionel Nicol, Peter Kolkhof, Paul Mulder, Frederic Jaisser, “The Nonsteroidal Mineralocorticoid Receptor
Dexamethasone Attenuates Kidney Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in SD Rats by Mediating M1 Macrophage Cytokine Production
Tuesday, November 16th, 2021
Nataliya Skrypnyk, Henriette Frikke-Schmidt, David W. Frederick, Kamal Albarazanji, Gavin Lewis, Jianying Liu, Lili Guo, Qiu Li, Raul Camacho, Li-Jun Ma, Andrea R. Nawrocki, George
Sparsentan, the Dual Endothelin Angiotensin Receptor Antagonist (DEARA), Improves Kidney Function and Life Span and Protects Against Hearing Loss in Alport Mice with Developed Renal Structural Changes
Tuesday, November 16th, 2021
Dominic E. Cosgrove, MichaelAnne Gratton, Daniel T. Meehan, Denise Vosik, Jacob D. Madison, Duane C. Delimont, Gina C. Samuelson, Diana Jarocki, Radko Komers, Celia P.
Comparison of Imaging Approaches for Quantifying Total Kidney Volume (TKV) and Fibrosis in a Mouse Model of Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)
Tuesday, November 16th, 2021
Caroline R. Sussman, Heather L. Holmes, Ka Thao, Adriana Gregory, Ryan J. Meloche, Yaman G. Mkhaimer, Harrison H. Wells, Slobodan Macura, Peter C. Harris, Timothy
Transdermal Glomerular Filtration Rate Measurement in Conscious Pigs Using the Novel Fluorescent Tracer Agent Relmapirazin
Tuesday, November 16th, 2021
Sabine Neudecker, Daniel Schock-Kusch, Jochen Friedemann, Marlene Jostock, Yury Shulhevich, Dzmitry Stsepankou, Jesse Ross-Jones, James R. Johnson, Thomas E. Rogers, Ivan R. Riley, Jeng-Jong Shieh,
Differential Role of Endothelial Prolyl-Hydroxylase 1, 2, 3 in AKI
Tuesday, November 16th, 2021
RatnakarTiwari, Si Young An, Pinelopi P. Kapitsinou, “Differential Role of Endothelial Prolyl-Hydroxylase 1, 2, 3 in AKI”, Am. Soc. Nephrol. Kidney Week Abstract Supplement: SA-OR20
Noninvasive assessment of radiation-induced renal injury in mice
Friday, November 5th, 2021
Anis Ahmad, Junwei Shi, Saba Ansari, Jumana Afaghani, Judith Molina, Alan Pollack, Sandra Merscher, Youssef H Zeidan, Alessia Fornoni, Brian Marples, “Noninvasive assessment of radiation-induced
Glutathione S-Transferase and Clusterin, New Players in the Ischemic Preconditioning Renal Protection in a Murine Model of Ischemia and Reperfusion
Thursday, November 4th, 2021
Consuelo Pasten, Yeimi Herrera-Luna, Mauricio Lozano, Jocelyn Rocco, Cristobal Alvarado, Jéssica Liberona, Luis Michea, Carlos E Irarrázabal, “Glutathione S-Transferase and Clusterin, New Players in the
Loss of Functional SCO2 Attenuates Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Saturday, October 30th, 2021
Nehaben A. Gujarati, Alexandra R. Leonardo, Jessica M. Vasquez, Yiqing Guo, Bismark O. Frimpong, Elbek Fozilov, Monica P. Revelo, Ilse S. Daehn, John C. He,
The non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone improves left ventricular function in preclinical chronic kidney disease
Monday, October 25th, 2021
Y Stephan, I Lima-Posada, M Souille, B Bonnard, R Palacios, L Nicol, P Kolkhof, F Jaisser, P Mulder, “The non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone improves
VEGFR3 tyrosine kinase inhibition aggravates cisplatin nephrotoxicity
Thursday, October 21st, 2021
Laurence M Black, Elisa R Farrell, Daria Barwinska, Gunars Osis, Anna A Zmijewska, Amie M. Traylor, Stephanie K Esman, Subhashini Bolisetty, Grace Whipple, Malgorzata M.
Therapeutic silencing of SMOC2 prevents kidney function loss in mouse model of chronic kidney disease
Tuesday, October 19th, 2021
Cuiyan Xin, Jiahui Lei, Qian Wang, Yixia Yin, Xiaoqian Yang, Jose Alberto Moran Guerrero, Venkata Sabbisetti, Xiaoming Sun, Vishal S. Vaidya, Joseph V. Bonventre, “Therapeutic
High salt diet-induced proximal tubular phenotypic changes and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 expression are coordinated by cold shock Y-box binding protein-1
Friday, September 24th, 2021
Anja Bernhardt, Saskia Häberer, JingJing Xu, Hannah Damerau, Johannes Steffen, Charlotte Reichardt, Katharina Wolters, Hannes Steffen, Berend Isermann, Katrin Borucki, Nadine Artelt, Nicole Endlich, Renata
Cilastatin Ameliorates Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice
Monday, August 9th, 2021
Katsuyuki Matsushita, Kiyoshi Mori, Turgay Saritas, Mahaba Eiwaz, Yoshio Funahashi, Megan Nickerson, Jessica Hebert, Adam Munhall, James McCormick, Motoko Yanagita and Michael Hutchens,”Cilastatin Ameliorates Rhabdomyolysis-Induced
Hyperuricemia has Vasoactive Effects in Cholesterol Crystal-Induced Acute Kidney Injury
Monday, June 21st, 2021
Luying Yang, Elmina Mammadova-Bach, Attila Braun, Thomas Gudermann, Hans-Joachim Anders, Stefanie Steiger, “Hyperuricemia has Vasoactive Effects in Cholesterol Crystal-Induced Acute Kidney Injury”, ERA-EDTA Meeting 2021,
Sequential Afferent-Targeted and Total Renal Denervation and Impact on Regulation of Arterial Pressure, Glomerular Filtration, and Sodium Handling in Sprague Dawley Male Rats
Tuesday, May 25th, 2021
Irin Parvin, Madeline Gauthier, Melissa Dennis, Christopher Banek, “Sequential Afferent-Targeted and Total Renal Denervation and Impact on Regulation of Arterial Pressure, Glomerular Filtration, and Sodium
Renal tolerance to delayed volume resuscitation following traumatic shock
Thursday, May 20th, 2021
Lusha Xiang, Alfredo Calderon, Brian Connor, Luciana Torres, Carmen Hinojosa-Laborde, Kathy Ryan, “Renal tolerance to delayed volume resuscitation following traumatic shock”, The FASEB Journal, Physiology,
Activation of hypoxia-sensing pathways promotes renal ischemic preconditioning following myocardial infarction
Sunday, May 2nd, 2021
Andrew S. Terker, Kensuke Sasaki, Juan Pablo Arroyo, Aolei Niu, Suwan Wang, Xiaofeng Fan, Yahua Zhang, Sochinweichi Nwosisi, Ming-Zhi Zhang, and Raymond C. Harris, “Activation
Acute Kidney Injury Results in Long-Term Diastolic Dysfunction That Is Prevented by Histone Deacetylase Inhibition
Thursday, April 1st, 2021
Danielle E. Soranno, Lara Kirkbride-Romeo, Sara A. Wennersten, Kathy Ding, Maria A. Cavasin, Peter Baker, Christopher Altmann, Rushita A. Bagchi, Korey R. Haefner, Christian Steinkühler,
Osthol Ameliorates Kidney Damage and Metabolic Syndrome Induced by a High-Fat/High-Sugar Diet
Wednesday, March 10th, 2021
Fernando E. García-Arroyo, Guillermo Gonzaga-Sánchez, Edilia Tapia, Itzel Muñoz-Jiménez, Lino Manterola-Romero, Horacio Osorio-Alonso, Abraham S. Arellano-Buendía, José Pedraza-Chaverri, Carlos A. Roncal-Jiménez, Miguel A. Lanaspa, Richard
Dietary Salt Modifies the Blood Pressure Response to Renin-Angiotensin Inhibition in Experimental Chronic Kidney Disease
Thursday, February 25th, 2021
Dominique M Bovee, Estrellita Uijl, David Severs, Eloisa Rubio-Beltrán, Richard van Veghel, Antoinette Maassen van den Brink, Jaap A Joles, Robert Zietse, Catherina Adelie Cuevas,
A multicenter blinded preclinical randomized controlled trial on Jak1/2 inhibition in MRL/MpJ-Faslpr mice with proliferative lupus nephritis predicts low effect size
Thursday, February 25th, 2021
Yutian Lei, Bettina Sehnert PhD, Reinhard E.Voll MD, Conxita Jacobs-Cach PhD, Maria Jose Soler MD, PhD, Maria D. Sanchez-Niño PhD, Alberto Ortiz MD,PhD, Roman D.
Only Hyperuricemia with Crystalluria, but not Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia, Drives Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease
Thursday, February 25th, 2021
Markus Sellmayr, Moritz Roman Hernandez Petzsche, Qiuyue Ma, Nils Krüger, Helen Liapis, Andreas Brink, Barbara Lenz, Maria Lucia Angelotti, Viviane Gnemmi, Christoph Kuppe, Hyojin Kim,
Non-invasive Assessment of Radiation-Induced Renal Injury in Mice
Monday, January 25th, 2021
Anis Ahmad, Junwei Shi, Saba Ansari, Jumana Afaghani, Judith Molina, Alan Pollack, Sandra Merscher, Youssef H. Zeidan, Alessia Fornoni, & Brian Marples, “Non-invasive Assessment of
Tonic Inhibition of Sodium Reabsorption by Na+/K+-ATPase in the Renal Proximal Tubule
Friday, October 30th, 2020
Shreya T. Mukherji, Luca Brambilla, Isabella Mayes, Laura C. Kutz, Jeff P. Mcdermott, Steven T. Haller, Michael F. Romero, Jiang Liu, Joseph I. Shapiro, Gustavo
Pathobiology of Cyst Progression in Nbce1A and Pkd1 (RC/RC) Mouse Models
Friday, October 30th, 2020
Deema A. Anaam, Heather L. Holmes, Adriana Gregory, Ka Thao, Alison Stiller, Peter C. Harris,Timothy L. Kline, Michael F. Romero, “Pathobiology of Cyst Progression in
Acute kidney injury during pregnancy leads to increased sFlt-1 and sEng and decreased renal T regulatory cells in pregnant rats with HELLP syndrome
Tuesday, September 29th, 2020
Jamie Szczepanski, Shauna-Kay Spencer, Ashley Griffin, Teylor Bowles, Jan Michael Williams, Patrick B. Kyle, John Polk Dumas, Sarah Araji and Kedra Wallace, “Acute kidney injury
Genetic or Pharmacologic Nrf2 Activation Increases Proteinuria in Chronic Kidney Disease in Mice
Monday, August 24th, 2020
Brittney M. Rush, Corry D. Bondi, Sean D. Stocker, Kacie M. Barry,Sarah A. Small,Jason Ong, Soma Jobbagy, Donna B. Stolz, Sheldon I. Bastacky, Dionysios, V.
Drug Testing for Residual Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Mice Beyond Therapy with Metformin, Ramipril, and Empagliflozin
Monday, July 13th, 2020
Manga Motrapu, Monika Katarzyna Swiderska, Irene Mesas, Julian Aurelio Marschner, Yutian Lei, Laura Martinez Valenzuela, Jia Fu, Kyung Lee, Maria Lucia Angelotti, Giulia Antonelli, Paola
Discovery of diarylamides as novel orally active diuretics targeting urea transporters
Wednesday, June 24th, 2020
Shun Zhang, Yan Zhao, Shuyuan Wang, Min Li, Yue Xu, Jianhua Ran, Xiaoqiang Geng, Jinzhao He, Jia Meng, Guangying Shao, Hong Zhou, Zemei Ge, Guangping
NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition attenuates sepsis-induced platelet activation and prevents multi-organ injury in cecal-ligation puncture
Tuesday, June 23rd, 2020
Denise C. Cornelius, Olivia K. Travis, Robert W. Tramel, Marivee Borges-Rodriguez, Cedar H. Baik,Mallory Greer, Chelsea A. Giachelli, Geilda A. Tardo, Jan M. Williams “NLRP3
The Effects of Chronic Dapagliflozin Treatment on the Renal Microvasculature in a Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetes
Wednesday, June 10th, 2020
Connie Ow, Vijayakumar Sukumaran, Jennifer Ngo, Cheng Kun Du, Akihiro Fujiwara, Hirotsugu Tsuchimochi, Hiroshi Hosoda, Roger Evans, James Pearson, “The Effects of Chronic Dapagliflozin Treatment
RENINAAV Dose-Dependently Exacerbate Albumninuria and Glomerulosclerosis, and Reduce GFR in Female Uninephrectomized DB/DB Mice
Wednesday, June 10th, 2020
Mette Viberg Østergaard1, Rune Ida1, Annemarie Aarup Pedersen,Thomas Secher, Frederikke Emilie Sembach, Sebastian Tølbøl Thrane, Urmas Roostalu, Keld Fosgerau, Lisbeth N Fink, Niels Vrang, “Dose
Dose Escalating Toxicology Study of ELP-VEGF, a Novel Biologic for Renal Therapeutic Angiogenesis
Wednesday, June 10th, 2020
Gene Bidwell, Jamarius Waller, Jason Engel, Alejandro Chade, “Dose Escalating Toxicology Study of ELP-VEGF, a Novel Biologic for Renal Therapeutic Angiogenesis,” ERA-EDTA Meeting 2020, Nephrology
Early, but Not Late, Contralateral Nephrectomy Overcomes Progression to CKD After Unilateral Ischemic Injury
Wednesday, June 10th, 2020
Lies Moonen, Cristina Cuesta-Apausa, Francisco J. Lopez-Hernandez, Carlos Martinez Salgado, Patrick D’Haese, Benjamin Vervaet, “Early, but Not Late, Contralateral Nephrectomy Overcomes Progression to CKD After
Tubular Epithelial Cell Polyploidzation is Required to Survive AKI but Promotes CKD Development
Wednesday, June 10th, 2020
Letizia De Chiara, Elena Lazzeri, Maria Lucia Angelotti, Carolina Conte, Anna Julie Peired, Giulia Antonelli, Maria Elena Melica, Benedetta Mazzinghi, Laura Lasagni, Paola Romagnani, “Tubular
The urea transporter UT-A1 plays a predominant role in a urea-dependent urine-concentrating mechanism
Wednesday, June 3rd, 2020
Xiaoqiang Geng, Shun Zhang, Jinzhao He, Ang Ma, Yingjie Li, Min Li, Hong Zhou, Guangping Chen, and Baoxue Yang, “The urea transporter UT-A1 plays a
Metformin Inhibits Cyst Growth and Alters Cell Metabolism in Vitro and Improves Relevant Disease Parameters in a Hypomorphic ADPKD Mouse Model
Friday, May 22nd, 2020
Hui Li, Pei-Yin Ho, Valeria Mancino, Jessica Pham, Saman Sepehr, Biagio Saitta, Nuria M. Pastor-Soler, Kenneth R. Hallows, “Metformin Inhibits Cyst Growth and Alters Cell